?p??t?ste ??t???? s?µas?a? p????f???e? ??a t? p?? ?a pa?a???e?te t??? a????p???
?ata???ste t?? ??s?a t?? ?e?a???a? t?? a?a???? t?? ??s???? (???st? ?a? ?? p??aµ?da t?? a?a???? t?? ??s????) se µ???? 50 ?ept? µe a?t? t? p?a?t??? ?a? s???pt??? ß?ß???. ?p?? ?p?d????e? ?a? t? ???µ? t??, ? ?e?a???a t?? a?a???? t?? ??s???? e??a? µ?a a?apa??stas? t?? f?s????????? ?a? p?e?µat???? a?a????. ????e?ta? ??a ??a ?????????? µ??t??? p?? d?µ?????????e a????? ap? t??? ?µe???a???? ?????????? Abraham Maslow ?a? Carl Rogers µe t? µ??f? d?af???? p??t?se??, ?? ?p??e? a???te?a p??sa?µ?st??a? se µ?a p??aµ?da. ??t? ? p??aµ?da ep?t??pe? st??? ???ste? ?a ?a????s??? t?? a????p??e? a????e? ?a? ???s?µ?p??e?ta? se ????? t??? t?µe?? t?? ??????µ???? ??sµ??, ?d??? st? µ???et???? ?a? t? d?????s?. ?? ß?ß??? a?t? sa? pa???e? µ?a e????st? e?sa???? st?? a????p??e? a????e?, p?? ??µa????ta? ap? t?? p?? ßas???? ?a? ??s?ast???? ??? t?? ????te?? apt??, ?p?? ? a?t?ße?t??s?. ??? µ??? ?a µ??ete p?? ?a p??sd?????ete ta p??te ep?peda a?a????, a??? ?a e?et?sete ep?s?? µe??te? pe??pt?se?? ap? t?? p?a?µat??? ???, ?a a?a?a???ete t?? ad??aµ?e? t?? µ??t????, s?µpe???aµßa??µ???? t?? e????e?t??sµ??, ?a? ?a µ??ete ??a s??af? µ??t??a, ?p?? ? ?e???a ERG. S?et??? µe t?? ?e?????s? t?? a?a???? t?? Maslow : ? ?e?????s? t?? a?a???? t?? ??s???? eµfa??st??e t? de?aet?a t?? 1940 ?a? e??e ?? st??? ?a e?sa???e? µ?a ??a p??s????s? st?? a????p?st??? ????????a. ? ??s???? p??sd?????e? p??te d?af??et??? ep?peda a?a????: a????e? ??a asf??e?a, a?a?????s?, e?t?µ?s?, a?t?p?a?µ?t?s? ?a? f?s????????? a????e?. ?? µ??t??? ep?t??pe? t?? ap?? ?a? ap?te?esµat??? p??sd????sµ? t?? a?a????, ef?s?? de? e?et????ta? ?? d?af??et??? st?d?a, a??? ?? s?????. Se a?t? t? ß?ß???, ?a a?a?a???ete p?? ? ?e?a???a t?? a?a???? t?? Maslow µp??e? ?a sa? ß????se?, ?a µ??ete p?? ?a t? ???s?µ?p???sete ??a ?a p??sd????sete t?? a????e? ?a? ?a ???s?µ?p???sete ta ap?te??sµata ??a ?a p??sa?µ?sete t?? st?at?????? µ???et????. ??a saf?? e????s? t?? p?e??e?t?µ?t?? ?a? t?? p??a??? µe???e?t?µ?t?? t?? µe??d??, µ?a s???t?s? µ?a? p?a?t???? µe??t?? pe??pt?s?? ?a? µ?a e?sa???? se s??af? µ??t??a sa? d????? ta e??a?e?a p?? ??e???este ??a ?a p??sa?µ?sete t?? p??s????s? sa? st?? pe??pt?s? sa?.